Data Sources
All sources used across this platform, with provenance and methodology details
World Bank World Development Indicators
World Bank open data platform providing development indicators across 200+ countries. Primary source for cross-country GDP, per-capita GDP, population, inflation, unemployment, remittances, ICT service exports, and electricity comparators.
Methodology: Uses Atlas method for GNI and current USD for GDP. Remittances = net personal transfers. ICT service exports = telecommunications, computer, and information services.
IMF World Economic Outlook
IMF biannual macro projections and historical forecasts. Primary source for general government debt as % of GDP and forecast vintage comparisons.
Methodology: General government gross debt as % of GDP. Updated April and October each year. Forecast vintages preserved for error analysis.
National Statistics Office Nepal
Nepal's official statistics agency. Provides census data, GDP estimates, provincial national accounts, and downloadable CSV datasets.
Methodology: License status unspecified on some dataset pages. GDP uses expenditure approach at current prices. Cite original dataset URL per observation.
Ministry of Finance Nepal – Macro Dashboard
Nepal Ministry of Finance macro dashboard. Provides headline indicators, history view, and public-finance context. Surfaces 'Per Capita GDP' which may differ in exact definition from WDI 'GDP per capita'.
Methodology: Dashboard cards may use fiscal-year framing. BS/AD date switching is available. 'Per Capita GDP' label — verify definition alignment with WDI before cross-country comparison.
Nepal Rastra Bank
Nepal's central bank. Primary source for inflation, remittances, BOP, foreign reserves, monetary policy, and service-export proxies for IT exports.
Methodology: Monthly releases. Mid-month period framing common (e.g. mid-January 2026). XLSX and PDF formats.
Public Debt Management Office Nepal
Nepal's Public Debt Management Office. Publishes debt reports, debt statistics, and auction schedules. Use for Nepal-only central-government debt detail — not for cross-country comparison.
Methodology: Central government debt only — not equivalent to IMF general-government debt for cross-country comparison. BS dates used in many notices.
Nepal Electricity Authority
Nepal's national power utility. Annual reports and generation directorate data for Nepal energy page.
Methodology: Annual reports, some daily operational publications. Generation figures in GWh. Data typically aligned to fiscal year (mid-July to mid-July).
Department of Customs Nepal / Nepal Trade Portal
Nepal customs and trade data. Trade statistics, goods exports/imports, and bulletin-driven impact analysis.
Methodology: Bulletin and periodic releases. HS-code level data available but complex to normalize.
Nepal Stock Exchange
Official Nepal stock exchange. End-of-day index data and sector indices. Live/intraday data requires a licensed provider.
Methodology: EOD data seeded from public snapshots. Production live/intraday should use a licensed market-data provider. Platform architecture is provider-pluggable.
Pratipakchya Civic Tracker
Civic accountability and promise-tracking platform. Tracks government promises, statuses, progress percentages, evidence, and timelines. Use as annotation layer — not as canonical macro statistics.
Methodology: Updated multiple times per day. Best used for event overlays, promise tracking, and annotation callouts.
RSP Nepal Manifesto / Downloads
Rastriya Swatantra Party (RSP) manifesto and policy documents. Source for policy intent, digital governance, energy expansion, and IT-export commitments. NOT a source for canonical macro statistics.
Methodology: Use for promise overlays and policy-intent callouts only. Manifesto figures are political targets, not official statistics.
USGS Earthquake Hazards Program
Official earthquake event data. Used for seismic event markers on GDP, tourism, reconstruction, and market-confidence charts.
Methodology: Authoritative event timestamp and magnitude for 2015 Gorkha earthquake and subsequent aftershocks.
WHO Nepal / MoHP COVID Dashboard
WHO Nepal country office and Ministry of Health and Population COVID-19 unified hospital dashboard. Source for pandemic event annotations.
Methodology: Weekly COVID EPI dashboards 2022–2023. Use for health-shock event overlays on GDP, unemployment, and remittance charts.
Election Commission Nepal
Official Nepal election results and e-bulletins. Source for election/government-change event markers.
Methodology: Official results portal. Link to market-sentiment, policy-regime, and tracker overlays.
Ministry of Culture, Tourism and Civil Aviation Nepal
Nepal's ministry responsible for tourism policy and statistics. Publishes Nepal Tourism Statistics annual reports with arrival, revenue, and source-country breakdowns.
Methodology: Arrivals counted at Tribhuvan International Airport and land entry points. Revenue estimates from surveyed average spend × arrivals. Fiscal year (mid-July) framing for some tables.
Nepal Software Association (NASO)
Industry body for Nepal's IT sector. Publishes workforce surveys, company registration estimates, and IT export advocacy data. Used alongside NRB BOP data for IT sector analysis.
Methodology: Workforce and company counts are survey-based estimates, not official registrations. Cross-check company count with DoC/OCR Nepal official register.
Ministry of Education, Science & Technology Nepal
Nepal's education ministry. Issues No Objection Certificates (NOC) required for all citizens leaving for foreign study. NOC counts are the primary administrative measure of outbound student migration.
Methodology: NOC is mandatory only for students enrolling abroad and remitting fees through banks. Students who self-fund informally, or go to India, are typically not in NOC counts. Numbers reported are NOC issuances, not actual departures.
Department of Foreign Employment Nepal
Nepal's regulator for labour migration. Issues labour permits required for citizens taking up overseas employment in 110+ approved destinations. DoFE publishes annual labour migration reports with destination, sector, gender, and re-entry breakdowns.
Methodology: Permit count excludes India (open border, no permit required), undocumented flows, and student-visa-route migration. EPS Korea figures come via the bilateral G2G channel. Annual reports use Nepal fiscal year (mid-July to mid-July).
Ministry of Labour, Employment & Social Security Nepal
Nepal's labour ministry. Publishes the biennial 'Nepal Labour Migration Report' covering destinations, demographics, recruitment costs, wages, returnee outcomes, and policy reforms.
Methodology: Reports combine DoFE administrative data with sample surveys of returnees. Wage data is self-reported by surveyed migrants and may differ from contract values.
UNESCO Institute for Statistics — Global Flow of Tertiary Students
UNESCO's outbound mobile student dataset. Counts Nepali students enrolled in tertiary education abroad, by host country, sourced from host-country immigration/education ministries.
Methodology: Counts enrolled students at a point in time, not annual departures — so figures lag and overlap with multi-year programs. Definition of 'mobile student' varies slightly by host country.
Education Consultancy Association of Nepal
Industry body representing Nepal's overseas-education consultancies. Source for advisory data on application volumes, popular destinations, and tuition/spend trends. Use with caution — figures reflect member-consultancy flows, not the whole market.
Methodology: Member-survey based. Treat as directional industry signal, cross-check against MoEST NOC counts and host-country enrolment data before citing.
Nepal Gazette / Department of Printing
Official Nepal Gazette published by the Department of Printing. Legal-regulatory event markers for acts, rules, taxes, fees, and cabinet decisions.
Methodology: Primary source for formal legal-change markers. BS dates used throughout.